🇷🇴 Europe

Romania business pathways

Long-stay visa for economic activities / company directors: form an SRL, prove capital and real activity — IGI & MAE. No NL/EE-style branded startup visa.

Not legal advice

Immigration, tax, and investment rules change. Use this guide to compare pathways, then verify amounts and procedures on official government sites and with qualified counsel. Content reviewed: 2026-08

At a glance

Decision signals for founders and investors considering Romania.

Best for

Founders/directors who will form and operate a Romanian SRL

Core path

Long-stay visa — economic activities / company director

Entity

SRL (limited company) common

Must prove

Capital + genuine business activity

Startup visa?

No branded NL/EE-style startup visa

Authorities

MAE (visa) + IGI (immigration)

Which path fits you?

Visa pathways

Focused on startup, investor, and self-employment routes - not study or tourism visas.

SRL / director route

Long-stay visa for economic activities / company director

Romania’s primary founder-relevant immigration path is the long-stay visa associated with economic activities, including roles as associate or director of a Romanian company — commonly an SRL (societate cu răspundere limitată). Consular long-stay visas are handled under Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MAE) procedures; stay and residence formalities after entry fall under the General Inspectorate for Immigration (IGI). Applicants typically must show company formation documents, proof of capital contributions as required for the company type and purpose, and evidence that the business will actually operate. Romania does not offer a widely branded “startup visa” product comparable to the Netherlands or Estonia; plan around company-director / economic-activity rules instead of incubator marketing. Extensions and residence permits depend on continued lawful purpose and activity — shelf companies are a common failure mode. Always verify-on-official-site on mae.ro and igi.mai.gov.ro for document lists, capital expectations, and appointment systems before transferring funds.

Min. capital

Company capital / contribution per commercial and immigration rules (verify live amounts)

Best for: Founders and executives who will incorporate an SRL (or eligible vehicle), inject required capital, and personally run or direct activity in Romania.

Not a golden-visa cheque. Capital must match company-law and IGI/MAE expectations for the economic-activities purpose. Older blog figures may be outdated — verify-on-official-site before budgeting.

Investment options

  • Incorporate a Romanian SRL (or other eligible form) with associates/directors as planned
  • Prove capital contribution / financial capacity as required for the visa purpose
  • Document business plan / activity evidence where requested
  • Accommodation and health insurance for long-stay / residence stages
  • Do not rely on a branded “startup visa” narrative — it is not the NL/EE model

Eligibility

  • Third-country national seeking long-stay for economic activities / director purpose
  • Company documents proving role as associate, shareholder, and/or director
  • Capital and activity evidence meeting current official standards
  • Clean criminal record / entry conditions as published
  • Consular appointment and biometric steps completed

Process timeline

  1. 1

    Structure the SRL & capital

    Decide ownership, director roles, and capital funding with Romanian counsel.

  2. 2

    Incorporate & bank

    Register the company; open accounts; document source of funds from Pakistan.

  3. 3

    Long-stay visa (MAE channel)

    Lodge at the competent consular post with IGI-aligned supporting documents.

  4. 4

    Enter, residence card, extend

    Complete IGI residence formalities; keep activity alive for extensions.

Family

Family reunification may be available for spouses and minor children when statutory conditions are met — confirm dependent work rights on IGI pages (verify-on-official-site).

Work rights

Economic-activities / director purpose authorises work tied to the company role. Separate employment for another employer may require a different visa/purpose — verify IGI annotations.

Route to PR

Long-term residence / permanent options may open after continuous legal stay and meeting income/integration conditions. Confirm current IGI guidance — not automatic with SRL ownership.

Route to citizenship

Romanian citizenship by naturalisation is a separate nationality-law process. Dual nationality implications for Pakistani citizens need personal advice.

Pros

  • Clear MAE + IGI institutional split for visa vs stay
  • SRL is a standard, bankable EU company form
  • Competitive costs and growing tech/services market
  • No need to force-fit a nonexistent branded startup visa

Watch-outs

  • No NL/EE-style branded startup visa — ignore agent packaging that invents one
  • Capital and activity proof are scrutinised; paper SRLs fail
  • Consular wait times can dominate planning
  • Always verify-on-official-site for capital figures cited online
IGI — General Inspectorate for Immigration
Company setup

Romanian SRL formation & ongoing activity

A Romanian SRL is the usual corporate vehicle for foreign founders. Formation involves articles of association, capital contribution, Trade Register filing, tax registration, and beneficial-owner reporting as applicable. For immigration, the SRL is evidence of purpose — not a substitute for a visa grant. Ongoing activity (contracts, invoicing, premises, employees where claimed) supports residence extensions with IGI. Pair MAE visa steps with clean corporate housekeeping. Use official IGI/MAE checklists for what extracts and bank proofs to attach; verify-on-official-site rather than recycled agency templates.

Min. capital

Share capital + formation costs + operating runway (verify commercial law / immigration expectations)

Best for: Applicants who need a practical company-setup track aligned with the economic-activities long-stay visa.

Budget company capital separately from living costs and visa fees. Confirm any immigration-specific capital or deposit expectations on IGI/MAE pages before transfer.

Investment options

  • SRL incorporation with documented capital contribution
  • Director / associate resolutions matching the visa story
  • Tax registration (CIF) and accounting engagement
  • Lease or other premises evidence if claimed in the file

Eligibility

  • Ability to act as associate/director under Romanian company law
  • Lawful funds for capital contribution with KYC trail
  • Willingness to maintain real activity after visa grant
  • Alignment between corporate documents and immigration purpose

Process timeline

  1. 1

    Draft corporate structure

    Ownership percentages, directors, and object of activity.

  2. 2

    Register & fund the SRL

    Trade Register filing; capital deposit evidence; tax IDs.

  3. 3

    Attach to long-stay file

    Include company docs in the MAE visa application as required.

  4. 4

    Operate for renewals

    Keep books, contracts, and filings current for IGI extensions.

Family

SRL ownership does not automatically include family — use IGI family reunification routes.

Work rights

Director activity under the granted purpose; side employment may need separate authorisation.

Route to PR

Follow IGI long-term residence rules after continuous stay — shares alone are not enough.

Route to citizenship

Separate naturalisation after qualifying residence and other statutory conditions.

Pros

  • Familiar limited-company form for B2B clients
  • Supports a coherent economic-activities narrative
  • EU single-market company seat once properly established

Watch-outs

  • Dormant SRLs are a residence risk
  • Banking KYC for Pakistani-source capital can be slow
  • Mismatched object of activity vs real work invites refusals
  • Verify-on-official-site before paying formation agents
MAE — Ministry of Foreign Affairs

Compare pathways

Scan capital, innovation requirements, and fit in one table.

Pathway Capital / proof Innovation required? Typical outcome Best if you…
Long-stay — economic activities / director Company capital + activity (verify) No branded startup test Long-stay visa → IGI residence Will direct a real SRL
SRL formation Share capital per company law N/A Legal entity Need the corporate vehicle
Branded startup visa (NL/EE style) N/A in Romania N/A Not a Romanian product Should look to other countries if you need that model

Route to PR & citizenship

Economic-activities residence is temporary and purpose-bound. Long-term stay and citizenship are later IGI / nationality processes.

Extensions

IGI typically reassesses whether the company still operates and whether the director purpose remains genuine. Keep tax and corporate filings clean.

Long-term / permanent residence

May be available after continuous legal residence and meeting statutory conditions. Confirm years and evidence on igi.mai.gov.ro.

Citizenship

Not automatic with SRL ownership. Naturalisation follows nationality law; dual nationality advice is personal.

No startup-visa shortcut

Do not expect an incubator letter alone to replace economic-activities / director criteria.

After you arrive

Operational checklist once the visa is granted.

  1. 1 Complete IGI residence permit / card steps after long-stay entry
  2. 2 Finalise SRL tax registrations and accounting
  3. 3 Open Romanian business and personal accounts with KYC packs
  4. 4 Secure accommodation matching immigration records
  5. 5 Begin real commercial activity and keep invoices/contracts
  6. 6 Register with health insurance as required for your status
  7. 7 Diary extension deadlines early
  8. 8 Re-read IGI and MAE pages before each filing

Living costs & runway

Rough monthly estimates for a relocating founder (excluding company capital). Indicative only.

Bucharest

€1,100 – €1,900 (est.)

  • Housing (1-bed) €550 – €1,000
  • Food & groceries €250 – €380
  • Transport €20 – €45
  • Utilities & mobile €100 – €170
  • Misc / coworking €120 – €280

Cluj-Napoca

€1,000 – €1,700 (est.)

  • Housing (1-bed) €500 – €900
  • Food & groceries €230 – €350
  • Transport €15 – €40
  • Utilities & mobile €95 – €160
  • Misc / coworking €100 – €250

Pakistan founder checklist

Practical prep before you book consulate appointments or move capital.

  • Read IGI guidance for economic activities / company roles
  • Check MAE long-stay visa document list for your consular post
  • Incorporate SRL with capital evidence — not a shelf shell
  • Prepare activity / business-plan materials if requested
  • Document Pakistan-source funds for capital and banking KYC
  • Do not plan around a branded startup visa that Romania does not offer
  • Budget consular timing and IGI residence steps after entry
  • Verify-on-official-site the week you apply

Still building from Pakistan?

Strengthen your local company setup before relocating capital or applying.